MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十八：MYSQLADMIN命令參數(shù)詳解_MySQL

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十八：MYSQLADMIN命令參數(shù)詳解

相關(guān)鏈接：

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之一：基本操作

http:///database/201212/173868.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之二：使用正則表達(dá)式搜索

http:///database/201212/173869.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之三：全文本搜索

http:///database/201212/173873.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之四：MYSQL的數(shù)據(jù)類型

http:///database/201212/175536.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之五：MYSQL的字符集

http:///database/201212/175541.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之六：MYSQL的運(yùn)算符

http:///database/201212/175862.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之七：MYSQL常用函數(shù)

http:///database/201212/175864.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之八：數(shù)據(jù)庫及表的基本操作

http:///database/201212/175867.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之九：索引的簡單操作

http:///database/201212/176772.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十：視圖的基本操作

http:///database/201212/176775.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十一：觸發(fā)器的基本操作

http:///database/201212/176781.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十二：存儲(chǔ)過程的基本操作

http:///database/201212/177380.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十三：自定義函數(shù)的基本操作

http:///database/201212/177382.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十四：游標(biāo)的基本操作

http:///database/201212/177384.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十五：事務(wù)處理的基本操作

http:///database/201212/177385.html

MYSQL入門學(xué)習(xí)之十六：MYSQL命令參數(shù)詳解

http:///database/201212/178079.html

mysqladmin工具主要用來對數(shù)據(jù)庫做一些簡單的操作，以及顯示服務(wù)器狀態(tài)等。其使用格式如下：

mysqladmin [option] command [command option] command ......

在命令行中輸入mysqladmin -，打印出如下幫助信息

[sql]

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin --help

mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32

Copyright (C) 2000-2006 MySQL AB

This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,

and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license

Administration program for the mysqld daemon.

Usage: mysqladmin [OPTIONS] command command....

-c, --count=# Number of iterations to make. This works with -i

(--sleep) only.

--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit .

--debug-info Print some debug info at exit.

-f, --force Don't ask for confirmation on drop database; with

multiple commands, continue even if an error occurs.

-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol.

--character-sets-dir=name

Directory where character sets are.

--default-character-set=name

Set the default character set.

-?, --help Display this help and exit.

-h, --host=name Connect to host.

-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error.

-p, --password[=name]

Password to use when connecting to server. If password is

not given it's asked from the tty.

-W, --pipe Use named pipes to connect to server.

-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in

order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,

/etc/services, built-in default (3306).

--protocol=name The protocol of connection (tcp,socket,pipe,memory).

-r, --relative Show difference between current and previous values when

used with -i. Currently works only with extended-status.

-O, --set-variable=name

Change the value of a variable. Please note that this

option is deprecated; you can set variables directly with

--variable-name=value.

--shared-memory-base-name=name

Base name of shared memory.

-s, --silent Silently exit if one can't connect to server.

-S, --socket=name Socket file to use for connection.

-i, --sleep=# Execute commands again and again with a sleep between.

--ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with

other flags). Disable with --skip-ssl.

--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies

--ssl).

--ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).

--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).

--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).

--ssl-verify-server-cert

Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against

hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by

default.

-u, --user=name User for login if not current user.

-v, --verbose Write more information.

-V, --version Output version information and exit.

-E, --vertical Print output vertically. Is similar to --relative, but

prints output vertically.

-w, --wait[=#] Wait and retry if connection is down.

--connect_timeout=#

--shutdown_timeout=#

Variables (--variable-name=value)

and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options)

--------------------------------- -----------------------------

count 0

debug-check FALSE

debug-info FALSE

force FALSE

compress FALSE

character-sets-dir (No default value)

default-character-set (No default value)

host (No default value)

no-beep FALSE

port 0

relative FALSE

shared-memory-base-name (No default value)

socket (No default value)

sleep 0

ssl FALSE

ssl-ca (No default value)

ssl-capath (No default value)

ssl-cert (No default value)

ssl-cipher (No default value)

ssl-key (No default value)

ssl-verify-server-cert FALSE

user (No default value)

verbose FALSE

vertical FALSE

connect_timeout 43200

shutdown_timeout 3600

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:

C:/Windows/my.ini C:/Windows/my.cnf C:/my.ini C:/my.cnf D:/APMServ5.2.6/MySQL5.1/my.ini D:/APMServ5.2.6/MySQL5.1/my.cnf

The following groups are read: mysqladmin client

The following options may be given as the first argument:

--print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit

--no-defaults Don't read default options from any options file

--defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #

--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read

Where command is a one or more of: (Commands may be shortened)

create databasename Create a new database

debug Instruct server to write debug information to log

drop databasename Delete a database and all its tables

extended-status Gives an extended status message from the server

flush-hosts Flush all cached hosts

flush-logs Flush all logs

flush-status Clear status variables

flush-tables Flush all tables

flush-threads Flush the thread cache

flush-privileges Reload grant tables (same as reload)

kill id,id,... Kill mysql threads

password new-password Change old password to new-password, MySQL 4.1 hashing.

old-password new-password Change old password to new-password in old format.

ping Check if mysqld is alive

processlist Show list of active threads in server

reload Reload grant tables

refresh Flush all tables and close and open logfiles

shutdown Take server down

status Gives a short status message from the server

start-slave Start slave

stop-slave Stop slave

variables Prints variables available

version Get version info from server

幫助信息主要包括三部分：

第一部分為mysqladmin命令的相關(guān)選項(xiàng)，詳細(xì)說明如下：

-c, --count=# Number of iterations to make. This works with -i (--sleep) only. 自動(dòng)運(yùn)行次數(shù)，必須和 -i 一起使用

--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit .

--debug-info Print some debug info at exit.

-f, --force Don't ask for confirmation on drop database; with multiple commands, continue even if an error occurs. 禁用錯(cuò)誤，drop 數(shù)據(jù)庫時(shí)不提示，執(zhí)行多條命令時(shí)出錯(cuò)繼續(xù)執(zhí)行

-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol. 在服務(wù)器和客戶端之間使用壓縮

--character-sets-dir=name Directory where character sets are. 設(shè)置字符集目錄

--default-character-set=name Set the default character set. 設(shè)置字符集默認(rèn)目錄

-?, --help Display this help and exit. 顯示幫助信息

-h, --host=name Connect to host. 主機(jī)名

-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error. 報(bào)錯(cuò)時(shí)，不響鈴（嘟的一聲）

-p, --password[=name] Password to use when connecting to server. If password is not given it's asked from the tty. 服務(wù)器連接密碼

-W, --pipe Use named pipes to connect to server. 使用命名管道連接服務(wù)器

-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT, /etc/services, built-in default (3306). 端口號(hào)

--protocol=name The protocol of connection (tcp,socket,pipe,memory). 設(shè)置連接使用的協(xié)議

-r, --relative Show difference between current and previous values when used with -i. Currently works only with extended-status. 顯示前后變化的值，必須結(jié)合- i

-O, --set-variable=name Change the value of a variable. Please note that this option is deprecated; you can set variables directly with --variable-name=value. 修改變量的值，使用--variable-name=value 的方式修改變量值

--shared-memory-base-name=name Base name of shared memory.

-s, --silent Silently exit if one can't connect to server. 如果連接服務(wù)器失敗則退出

-S, --socket=name Socket file to use for connection. 指定socket file

-i, --sleep=# Execute commands again and again with a sleep between. 間隔一段時(shí)間執(zhí)行一次

--ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags). Disable with --skip-ssl.

--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

--ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).

--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).

--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).

--ssl-verify-server- cert Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by default.

-u, --user=name User for login if not current user. 用戶名

-v, --verbose Write more information.

-V, --version Output version information and exit. 顯示MYSQLADMIN的版本

-E, --vertical Print output vertically. Is similar to --relative, but prints output vertically. 垂直顯示輸出

-w, --wait[=#] Wait and retry if connection is down. 如果連接斷開，則等待并重試

--connect_timeout=# 連接超時(shí)

--shutdown_timeout=# 超時(shí)關(guān)閉 示例：

[sql]

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -uroot -E -i 3 -c 2 status

Uptime: 1590 Threads: 1 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second

avg: 0.3

Uptime: 1593 Threads: 1 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second

avg: 0.3

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -V

mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32

第二部分為mysqladmin的相關(guān)變量。

第三部分為mysqladmin可以執(zhí)行的相關(guān)服務(wù)器命令，詳細(xì)說明如下：

create databasename Create a new database 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新數(shù)據(jù)庫

debug Instruct server to write debug information to log 通知服務(wù)器將調(diào)試信息寫入日志

drop databasename Delete a database and all its tables 刪除一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫及其所有表

extended-status Gives an extended status message from the server 給出服務(wù)器的一個(gè)擴(kuò)展?fàn)顟B(tài)消息

flush-hosts Flush all cached hosts 清除所有緩存的主機(jī)

flush-logs Flush all logs 清除所有日志

flush-status Clear status variables

flush-tables Flush all tables 清除所有表

flush-threads Flush the thread cache 清除線程緩存

flush-privileges Reload grant tables (same as reload) 再次裝載授權(quán)表(同reload)

kill id,id,... Kill mysql threads 殺死m(xù)ysql線程

password new-password Change old password to new-password, MySQL 4.1 hashing. 將老口令改為新口令

old-password new-password Change old password to new-password in old format. 修改口令

ping Check if mysqld is alive 檢查mysqld是否在線

processlist Show list of active threads in server 顯示服務(wù)其中活躍線程列表

reload Reload grant tables 重載授權(quán)表

refresh Flush all tables and close and open logfiles 洗掉所有表并關(guān)閉和打開日志文件

shutdown Take server down 關(guān)掉服務(wù)器

status Gives a short status message from the server 給出服務(wù)器的簡短狀態(tài)消息

start-slave Start slave 啟動(dòng)slave

stop-slave Stop slave 關(guān)閉slave

variables Prints variables available 打印出可用變量

version Get version info from server 得到服務(wù)器的版本信息

示例：

[sql]

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -uroot version

mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.28-rc, for Win32 on ia32

Copyright (C) 2000-2006 MySQL AB

This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,

and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license

Server version 5.1.28-rc-community

Protocol version 10

Connection localhost via TCP/IP

TCP port 3306

Uptime: 31 min 3 sec

Threads: 1 Questions: 23 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 16 Flush tables: 2 Open tables: 0 Queries per second avg: 0.12

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root -p create test_admin

Enter password:

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root -p drop test_admin

Enter password:

Dropping the database is potentially a very bad thing to do.

Any data stored in the database will be destroyed.

Do you really want to drop the 'test_admin' database [y/N] y

Database "test_admin" dropped

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root flush-status

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root processlist

+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+

| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |

+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+

| 21 | root | localhost:8925 | | Query | 0 | | show processlist |

+----+------+----------------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+

C:/Users/qxl>mysqladmin -u root status

Uptime: 1947 Threads: 1 Questions: 32 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 18 Flush tables: 2 Open tables: 2 Queries per second

avg: 0.16

其中mysqladmin -u root status輸出信息中各項(xiàng)的詳細(xì)說明如下：

Uptime：MySQL服務(wù)器已經(jīng)運(yùn)行的秒數(shù)

Threads：活躍線程（客戶）的數(shù)量

Questions：從mysqld啟動(dòng)起來自客戶查詢的數(shù)量

Slow queries：已經(jīng)超過long_query_time秒的查詢數(shù)量

Opens：mysqld已經(jīng)打開了多少表

Flush tables：flush ..., refresh和reload命令數(shù)量

Open tables：現(xiàn)在被打開的表數(shù)量

Queries per second avg：查詢平均用時(shí)

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